What's the government response timeline for Belgium?

Health minister Maggie de Block and health ministry provide FAQ about nCoV; https://twitter.com/Maggie_DeBlock/status/1222096169431642112

Belgian government launches Coronavirus information homepage, starts daily messaging on twitter and Facebook; https://twitter.com/SanteBelgique/status/1223259642928590848

Belgian government launches hotline for citizens; starts messaging in detail about Coronavirus preventive measures; https://upload.latest.facebook.com/santebelgique/posts/2726530920735998

Contact tracing is done for every patient by the "Dienst Infectiebestrijding" (Counter-Infection Services) https://epidemio.wiv-isp.be/ID/SiteAssets/Pages/2019-nCoV/COVID-19_procedure_GP_20200226_NL.pdf

In Belgium, one flight from Beijing arrived at Zaventem on Sunday, but passengers arriving were only observed.; https://www.brusselstimes.com/belgium/92083/coronavirus-update-whats-the-latest-in-belgium-china-wuhan-hubei-outbreak-china-virus-france-maggie-de-block/

As of March 7th, the Leuven University Hospital had only tested 1,876 patient samples for corona and had to make the decision to prioritise urgent samples because they were running out of stock even with that limited testing. https://www.tijd.be/politiek-economie/belgie/algemeen/uz-leuven-moet-coronatests-inperken/10213152.html

Asylum seekers in Belgium will be screened for coronavirus; https://www.brusselstimes.com/belgium/98584/asylum-seekers-entering-belgium-will-be-screened-for-coronavirus-fedasil-public-health-brussels/

Temporary Unemployment available for employees who lose their jobs due to the coronavirus. This entails to still receive up to 70% of the normal salary (changed from 65% previously) and the period for receiving these benefits has been extended by three months up to 30 June 2020. Additionally, self-employed who no longer have an income can receive up to 1,582€ per months. https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/10_measures_support_companies_and_self_employed_impacted_covid_19

The measures announced in https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/10_measures_support_companies_and_self_employed_impacted_covid_19 include: -"Where it can be demonstrated that the taxpayer has payment difficulties due to Covid-19, it is possible to request postponement of personal income tax and corporate tax payments. " -There are additional measures for the self-employed

Due to limited capacity, the Leuven laboratory only tests the most urgent cases. I interpret this to mean "symptomatic and also critical/urgent" https://www.tijd.be/politiek-economie/belgie/algemeen/uz-leuven-moet-coronatests-inperken/10213152.html

PM Sophie Wilmès said that organisers of indoor events gathering more than 1,000 people would do well to postpone the event, a recommendation which does not apply to outdoor gatherings. https://www.brusselstimes.com/belgium/99558/as-coronavirus-grips-eu-how-is-belgium-responding-confirmed-cases-covid19-containment-measures-brussels-flanders-wallonia-eu-countries-member-states-lockdown-gatherings/

PM asks residents to avoid public transport if at all possible, public transit will remain operating, though https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/belgien-coronavirus-101.html

Workers are in general advised to stay home, or stagger their hours. https://www.forbes.com/sites/emanuelabarbiroglio/2020/03/13/covid-19-emergency-measures-in-belgium-to-avoid-italian-style-lockdown/#5944562539fd

Asymptomatic contacts are presented with the following set of regulations, suggesting that the government has prioritized the tracing of symptomatic contacts. Asymptomatic contacts are simply told to follow this set of recommendations: https://epidemio.wiv-isp.be/ID/Documents/Covid19/COVID-19_procedure_contact_NL.pdf

Belgium closes all schools, but tertiary institutions (universities & colleges of higher education) are allowed to operate, though the government recommends remote course delivery other alternatives to traditional courses in lecture halls or in confined spaces. While most universities are closed, I code this as 2G due to the government's position (and this is a government response tracker); https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/coronavirus_phase_2_maintained_transition_federal_phase_and_additional_measures

Wilmes’ administration closes schools, cafes, restaurants, gyms, cinemas and other places where people gather.; https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/coronavirus_phase_2_maintained_transition_federal_phase_and_additional_measures;

"These measures are in effect from Friday midnight (March 13th) until 3 April. (...) Regarding commercial and recreational activities (sports, culture, folklore, etc.): All activities are cancelled, regardless of the size of the event and whether they are public or private." https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/coronavirus_phase_2_maintained_transition_federal_phase_and_additional_measures

"These measures are in effect from Friday midnight (march 13th) until 3 April (...)Regarding public transport: Public transport will continue to function normally, but trips should be limited to only those that are necessary." https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/coronavirus_phase_2_maintained_transition_federal_phase_and_additional_measures

Belgium begins restrictive measures on midnight, ban includes not being able to go to a second home or other non-essential trips outside home regions according to FAQ; https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/coronavirus_phase_2_maintained_transition_federal_phase_and_additional_measures; https://www.info-coronavirus.be/de/faq/

Tweet posted on 15/03/2020: "Informations sur le #coronavirus? ?? http://info-coronavirus.be ??0800/14.689 (08h00 - 20h00) ??via @CrisiscenterBE & @SanteBelgique Nous répondons tous les jours à vos questions entre 09h00 et 18h00." ( https://twitter.com/SanteBelgique) This tweet outlines where citizens can access information about coronavirus: on a dedicated website, by phone and by twitter, everyday. The website and twitter account has since been updated daily.

Companies - irrespective of their size - are obliged to organise working from home for every position where this is possible, without exception (only key industries and essential services exempt). Non-essential shops and retail outlets will remain closed, with the exception of food shops, pharmacies, pet food shops and newsagents.; https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/coronavirus_reinforced_measures

Gatherings above three people are banned, announced on Tuesday 17 March, in effect from noon Wednesday 18 March source: https://www.nieuwsblad.be/cnt/dmf20200317_04892890

Citizens are required to stay at home except for essential movements, groceries and work. Source: https://www.belgium.be/nl/nieuws/2020/coronavirus_versterkte_maatregelen

"For the payment of both personal income tax and corporate income tax, the tax of non-residents and the legal entity tax, an additional period of 2 months will be automatically granted, in addition to the normal payment term and without the payment of default interest. This measure applies to the settlement of these taxes, tax year 2019, established from March 12, 2020." ( https://financien.belgium.be/nl/Actueel/18-03-2020-coronavirus-bijkomende-steunmaatregelen)

Changes in policy as compared to 6 March: higher unemployment benefits for the self-employed now up to 1,614€, facilitating the access to temporary unemployment benefits https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/coronavirus_launch_second_part_federal_plan_social_and_economic_protection

Belgium extends school closures until April 19, no change to tertiary education requirements; https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/measures_taken_national_security_council_27_march_2020

In Wallonia "During the corona crisis, there will be no disconnections from gas, water or electricity, nor can residents be evicted from their homes." In Flanders "Those who are technically unemployed at home will not have to pay a gas, water and electricity bill for one month. Neither will there be any disconnections in this corona crisis." ( https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2020/03/27/alle-maatregelen-op-een-rij/)

An additional federal measure "Payment deferral charter mortgage loan" now also helps families who have difficulty repaying loans "The corona crisis has major consequences for the economy of this country. This puts pressure on the financial situation of many people. Many of them are in danger of losing their job or have less income or even no income for a period. The repayment of mortgage credit often takes a hefty bite out of the family budget. The Minister of Finance Alexander De Croo, the National Bank of Belgium and Febelfin have therefore announced that they will provide financial support to people if they should get into trouble due to the corona crisis. For example, a deferment of mortgage credit can be requested for a maximum of six months." ( https://www.febelfin.be/nl/consumenten/artikel/charter-betalingsuitstel-hypothecair-krediet) At this point the measures cover postponement of tax payments, stopping evictions or cutting of utilities and help in paying back mortgages so that the total package can be considered "2 - Broad"

Measures extended to May 03, no change to tertiary institutions; https://www.belgium.be/en/news/2020/measures_taken_national_security_council_15_april_2020

Measures extended until May 03; https://krisenzentrum.be/de/news/krisismanagement/coronavirus-verlaengerung-der-massnahmen-bis-zum-3-mai

Measures extended until May 03, gatherings of more than two people are banned ; https://krisenzentrum.be/de/news/krisismanagement/coronavirus-verlaengerung-der-massnahmen-bis-zum-3-mai https://www.info-coronavirus.be/de/faq/

Measures extended until May 03, public transit continues to operate; https://krisenzentrum.be/de/news/krisismanagement/coronavirus-verlaengerung-der-massnahmen-bis-zum-3-mai https://www.info-coronavirus.be/de/faq/ ("Verkehren die öffentlichen Verkehrsmittel weiter?")

Measures extended until May 03, public transit continues to operate; https://krisenzentrum.be/de/news/krisismanagement/coronavirus-verlaengerung-der-massnahmen-bis-zum-3-mai https://www.info-coronavirus.be/de/faq/ ("Wann darf ich meine Wohnung verlassen?")

Sciensano report the number of tests carried out per day, and 'focus was primarily on the (severe) symptoms reported by patients and the need for hospitalisation.' https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/news/number-of-tests-beyond-10000-per-day-since-april-15/

Belgium publishes "Exit strategy," measures extended until May 03; https://krisenzentrum.be/de/news/krisismanagement/coronavirus-belgien-hat-seine-strategie-zum-ausweg-aus-der-krise-festgelegt

Belgium publishes "Exit strategy," measures extended until May 03; https://krisenzentrum.be/de/news/krisismanagement/coronavirus-belgien-hat-seine-strategie-zum-ausweg-aus-der-krise-festgelegt

Belgium publishes "Exit strategy," measures extended until May 03; https://krisenzentrum.be/de/news/krisismanagement/coronavirus-belgien-hat-seine-strategie-zum-ausweg-aus-der-krise-festgelegt

Belgium publishes "Exit strategy," measures extended until May 03; https://krisenzentrum.be/de/news/krisismanagement/coronavirus-belgien-hat-seine-strategie-zum-ausweg-aus-der-krise-festgelegt

The Interfederal Committee for Testing and Contact Monitoring was officially launched on April 24. https://www.premier.be/nl/antwoord-op-parlementaire-vragen-over-de-exit-strategie

The Interfederal Committee for Testing and Contact Monitoring was officially launched on April 24. The start-up phase for contact follow-up will start on May 4.

Dedicated website for public information to government responses to covid-19 https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/

Phase 1 of Belgians exit strategy begins on May 4th, schools to remain closed until phase 2 (proposed 18th May). https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/news/nsc-24-04/ https://www.politico.eu/article/belgium-to-begin-relaxing-coronavirus-restrictions-on-may-4/

Move to Phase 1a of exit strategy, where 'remote working will remain the norm,[...] with the exception of fabric shops, which [....] are allowed to be open.' Fabric shops deemed essential due to use in production of masks. https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/news/nsc-24-04/

Phase 1 of Belgium's exist strategy begins on 4th May. Restrictions on public events continue in this phase. Archived link: https://www.premier.be/nl/belgi%C3%AB-gaat-op-4-mei-de-eerste-fase-van-de-afbouw Archived link: https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/news/nsc-24-04/ https://www.politico.eu/article/belgium-to-begin-relaxing-coronavirus-restrictions-on-may-4/

The prime minister said in a press conference on April 24: "we advise people to travel on their own (on foot, bicycle, car). And to leave places for those who need it to work". There is a general duty to wear masks in public transportation (for example on TEC "Since Monday, May 4, the wearing of a mask is compulsory for all travellers over the age of 12"), there are restrictions on the number of passengers per vehicle. Due to school closures and lower demand the transportation companies reduced their offerings: "the buses will continue to run on the basis of the timetables established for the school holiday periods. This measure ... will apply until the gradual opening of schools scheduled for May 18." (quotes from report of RTBF on https://www.rtbf.be/services/mobilinfo/detail_deconfinement-en-belgique-le-point-sur-les-transports-en-commun?id=10501666). As there is however no government recommendation to close public transportation, the flag is left at 0.

Phase 1 of Belgium's exist strategy begins on 4th May where ' Outdoor physical activity will be allowed for a maximum of two people in addition to those living under the same roof, provided social distancing is observed. It will also be allowed to practice other outdoor non-contact sports. However, access to changing rooms, communal showers and cafeterias will remain prohibited.' Archived link: https://www.premier.be/nl/belgi%C3%AB-gaat-op-4-mei-de-eerste-fase-van-de-afbouw Archived link: https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/news/nsc-24-04/

Phase 1a of exit strategy entered on May 4th, and restrictions on internal movement remain with only essential travel permitted. https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/faq/

Continuation of border closures, with non-essential travel abroad prohibited, and return for those that have 'Belgian nationality, with or without their main residence in Belgium, long-term residents in Belgium and persons with legal residence in Belgium, may return to Belgium subject to [...] conditions.' https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/faq/

Belgian Government decided on April 29 2020 to extend testing https://huis.vub.ac.be/corona/kennisbank.php?ID=174 reports: "In the context of the exit strategy, the intention is to test the population more extensively for covid-19. From May 4, in principle, all people who have complaints that possibly indicate a COVID-19 infection can be tested. However, it is always the doctor who determines whether or not a patient is tested. Given that the test capacity will be further expanded during the week of 4 May, GPs must take into account the capacity that is available locally."

The federal immigration office informs on travel restrictions: "The travel restrictions apply to all non-essential travel to Belgium. Only travel for essential purposes can take place. The travel restrictions do not apply to: Nationals of EU Member States and Schengen Member States, for the purposes of returning to their homes; Third-country nationals who are in possession a residence card (or D-visa) delivered by a Schengen Member State, for the purpose of returning to their homes;" (see https://dofi.ibz.be/sites/dvzoe/EN/Pages/Travel-to-Belgium.aspx) In addition, there are two additional restrictions for people who do enter Belgium under the above conditions: "The person places himself in home isolation for 14 days; and The person has a ban on working outdoors during those 14 days (even if he / she is employed in an essential sector), but teleworking is still allowed. These two conditions always apply to the returnee and apply to all possible transport modes (air, land and sea) used on his / her return." (see https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/faq/)

"the National Security Council decided in the first place to allow a further extension of social contacts as of next Sunday. At present, you are allowed to meet outside with two people - always the same - to go for a walk or to do sports together. This is still allowed. From 10 May, every family may receive a maximum of four people - always the same - at home. To limit the number of contacts and to prevent the spread of the virus, visitors can only meet with one family. The aim is to minimize the number of families (people under the same roof) meeting each other and to ensure the greatest level of reciprocity. This is possible under the following conditions: A safe distance must of course be observed with the visitors. If people have an outside garden or terrace, it is better to organize this visit outside. Clearly, no visitors are allowed if a family member or one of the visitors is ill. Special attention should be paid to older and vulnerable people." https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/news/nsc-6-05/

"To address issues such as loneliness and the difficulties of physical distance, the National Security Council decided in the first place to allow a further extension of social contacts as of next Sunday. At present, you are allowed to meet outside with two people - always the same - to go for a walk or to do sports together. This is still allowed. From 10 May, every family may receive a maximum of four people - always the same - at home. To limit the number of contacts and to prevent the spread of the virus, visitors can only meet with one family. The aim is to minimize the number of families (people under the same roof) meeting each other and to ensure the greatest level of reciprocity." https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/news/nsc-6-05/

"Wednesday 6 May, the National Security Council, expanded with the Prime Ministers, met to validate, complete and clarify the new phase of the wind-down strategy, phase 1b, which will start on 11 May." "We will also reopen the stores on 11 May. As always, this reopening will have to take place with strict observance of the following rules:..." "Contact professions outside medical and paramedical care are unfortunately not yet allowed to resume their activities." (from https://crisiscentrum.be/nl/news/crisisbeheer/afbouw-fase-1b-vanaf-11-mei-uitbreiding-van-de-sociale-contacten-en-opening-van-de)

As of 11 May 2020 contact tracing is fully operational in Flanders: "After a start-up phase, contact investigations in Flanders are ready to call people across Flanders on an unprecedented scale, to question contacts and to provide advice on how to prevent contamination. Today, about 735 employees started to conduct telephone contact inquiries. In addition, employees of various health insurance funds are ready to strengthen the call centres with advice and to start home visits in the coming days when telephone contact investigations fail." ( https://www.zorg-en-gezondheid.be/nieuws-over-het-coronavirus-covid-19) Kept on 1 as the other main region (Wallonia) will follow on 18 May 2020.

'Classes at school will resume part-time and only for selected years, with a maximum of 10 pupils per classroom. All staff and kids older than 12 will be required to wear face masks. Children and staff should wash hands when entering school, when entering the class, after sneezing and after using a drinks or snacks distributor.' - https://www.politico.eu/article/belgium-lifts-its-lockdown-what-is-allowed-and-when/

"On Wednesday, May 13, 2020, the National Security Council decided to gradually relax measures against the corona virus. Specifically, an additional part of the measures that have been in force since March 18, 2020 will be lifted from May 18, 2020 under certain conditions." "industrial activities and B2B services are permitted. Companies that offer goods or services to consumers are also allowed from May 18, under certain conditions. That rule does not apply to: massage parlours; wellness centres, including saunas; fitness centres; casinos, slot machine arcades and betting offices. Those activities - which are currently still prohibited - should also not be performed at home." (from https://economie.fgov.be/nl/themas/ondernemingen/coronavirus/coronavirus-versterkte)

Small open-air events will be permitted (major events prohibited until after August) https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2020/may/18/europe-holidays-which-european-countries-are-easing-coronavirus-travel-restrictions-lockdown-measures

No change recorded https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/faq/

Note that contact tracing is handled by the regions. H3 is set to 2 as of 18 May 2020 because: -As of 11 May 2020 contact tracing has been fully operational in Flanders. -As of 18 May 2020 contact tracing is operational in Wallonia: "405 call center agents and 21 call center supervisors as well as 135 field agents and 8 field supervisors were recruited." ( https://www.wallonie.be/fr/tracing) However the press regularly comments about that the capacity is insufficient. From a press article in "The Bulletin" of 20 May 2020: "Since their work officially began on 11 May, Belgium's contact tracers have managed to get in touch by telephone with about 60% of people who have recently tested positive for coronavirus." (see https://www.thebulletin.be/coronavirus-how-does-belgiums-contact-tracing-operation-work)

"In terms of education, Lessons will resume gradually as from 18 May. Not all students will go back to school immediately. Each community will be responsible for executing this decision in its own territory, in consultation with the education sector." https://www.info-coronavirus.be/en/news/nsc-24-04/ "This Monday, May 25, we should see more children on their way to school. Students in 1st, 2nd primary, 2nd secondary, but also those in difficulty can in principle return to their school. In principle, because the circular of the Wallonia-Brussels Federation addressing phase 2 of the resumption of classes is flexible enough, we are told in the office of the Minister of Education, Caroline Désir (PS) to let the schools organize this new school year based on their organizational capacity and security conditions. In the first phase, almost 120,000 young people returned to school After a first phase, on May 18 for pupils in 6th primary and last years of secondary school (6th / 7th: editor's note), place a week later in phase 2 of the partial and gradual return to school. This concerns 1st and 2nd primary, 2nd secondary and children in difficulty and this 1 day per week (students in phase 1, go to school two days per week: note)." https://www.rtbf.be/info/societe/detail_ce-lundi-25-mai-le-deconfinement-se-poursuit-dans-les-ecoles-mais-pas-pour-tous-et-pas-partout?id=10507840 RTBF (Radio-Télévision Belge de la Communauté Française) is a public-service broadcasting organisation delivering radio and television services to the French-speaking Community of Belgium, in Wallonia and Brussels.

Effective 18 May 2020, restrictions at the federal level have been largely reduced but final decisions are taken at the level of the Communities. From the publication of the law amendment (Belgisch Staatsblad) of 30.05.2020: "From May 18, 2020, classes and activities may resume in nursery, primary and secondary education, determined for the groups by the Communities on the basis of the recommendations of the experts and the competent authorities." (see https://crisiscentrum.be/sites/default/files/content/mb2505.pdf) At the level of the communities, announcements from 27 May 2020 indicate an incremental reopening of the schools, whereby "Maximum scenario from Friday 5 June: Full classes can reopen full-time. To this end, the distance rules in the class relax" (see https://onderwijs.vlaanderen.be/nl/update-coronavirus-uitbreiding-heropstart-voorwaarden-lager-onderwijs-versoepeld-vanaf-5-juni) The flag "General" is kept as communities coordinate their approach.

As before "Only necessary movements are allowed." but the list of what is deemed "necessary" is continuously extended. (see https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/faq/)

In Flanders: As of 5 June 2020 all levels of schools can restart, with certain restrictions on distancing and certain limitations in secondary school (see below for details). -As of 2 June 2020: Kindergarten can restart full-time. -As of 5 June 2020: Primary schools: full classes can reopen full-time. To this end, the distance rules in the class relax -As of 2 June 2020: Secondary schools: The students of the 2nd and 4th year of secondary education can, in addition to the last years who resume earlier, go to school for a maximum of 2 full or 4 half days a week. Pupils of the 1st, 3rd and 5th year of ordinary secondary education can attend school for a few days (at least 1 day), to be able to end the school year together in the familiar class. The same applies to pupils in part-time vocational secondary education who have not yet restarted. (see https://onderwijs.vlaanderen.be/nl/update-coronavirus-uitbreiding-heropstart-voorwaarden-lager-onderwijs-versoepeld-vanaf-5-juni) However, some specific schools remain closed due to decisions of the regions. E.g. in the french-speaking community "Schools with reduced artistic secondary education (ESAHR) are closed until 30 June 2020 inclusive." ( http://www.enseignement.be/index.php?page=28291) Therefore level "2T" seems most appropriate until 30 June 2020 which is also the end of the school year.

As of 8 June 2020: all companies and associations offering goods or services to consumers may open to the public. That rule does not apply to: -wellness centers, including saunas (reopening scheduled for July 1, 2020); -casinos and slot machine arcades (reopening scheduled for July 1, 2020); -amusement parks and indoor playgrounds (reopening scheduled for 1 July 2020); -cinemas (reopening scheduled for July 1, 2020); -discotheques and dance halls (reopening scheduled for 1 September 2020 at the earliest); -publicly accessible swimming pools (reopening scheduled for 1 July 2020). (see https://economie.fgov.be/nl/themas/ondernemingen/coronavirus/coronavirus-toegelaten)

On June 3, the government decided that as of 8 June 2020, the 3rd phase of the recovery plan goes into effect. This permits gatherings of up to 10 people as follows: " It is possible to have closer contact with 10 different people every week, on top of the family members (= extensive personal bubble). This is an individual right. These 10 people can change every week; Group gatherings are limited to a maximum of 10 people, including children. This applies to all meetings, regardless of whether they take place at home or outdoors (for example, in the park or at a restaurant); " (see https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/news/nvr-0306/)

On June 3, the government decided that as of 8 June 2020, the 3rd phase of the recovery plan goes into effect. This phase allows "trips of one or more days in Belgium." (see https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/news/nvr-0306/) Although the government still recommends to work from home if possible on certain web-sites (see https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/faq/) moving to "0" seems to describe the current situation best as there are few restrictions on activities outside of the house.

On June 3, the government decided that as of 8 June 2020, the 3rd phase of the recovery plan goes into effect. " From June 8, it is possible to do trips of one or more days in Belgium. " (see https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/news/nvr-0306/)

Border closures within Europe were reduced on 15 June 2020 (see https://diplomatie.belgium.be/en/policy/policy_areas/highlighted/corona_crisis/planning_travel_abroad) "From 15 June 2020, it will be possible to travel abroad to a limited extent from Belgium. Below you will find some advice." "Belgian borders will be open for travel to and from the member states of the European Union, the United Kingdom and the four other Schengen countries (Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Iceland, Norway)." As restrictions still apply for travellers outside these regions, the states is left at "3-Ban"

Since 15 July 2020 the testing policy has been extended to beyond symptomatic. "From now on also a corona test for those who had close contact with the patient, quarantine remains mandatory" H2 is kept at 2 as it is not "generally available" ( https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200615_04991383)

The Belgian Ministerial Decree of 30.06.2020 on urgent measures to limit the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus imposes travel restrictions on Extra-Schengen travel to Belgium. 1. Travels to Belgium 1.1. Mandatory form for Extra-Schengen air travel to Belgium 'Public Health Passenger Locator Form" 1.2. Travel to Belgium from the United Kingdom, Ireland, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia and Cyprus (EU non-Schengen states): There are no longer specific travel restrictions imposed upon these journeys. The general entry conditions to the Schengen territory apply. 1.3. Travel to Belgium coming from third countries (= countries who are not part of the EU or the Schengen area): All non-essential travels are prohibited. The travel restrictions do not apply to: Nationals of EU Member States and Schengen Member States; Family members of nationals of an EU Member State or Schengen Member State, provided they actually hold the documents required for entry into the territory and they can prove their status as family members via documentation; Third-country nationals who are in possession of a residence card enabling them entry into Schengen area or D-visa issued for travellers with an essential function or need (for example for students or highly qualified workers); Third-country nationals with a nationality included on the list of third countries, which will (as soon as a formal decision has been taken by the Belgian authorities) be published on the website of the Belgian Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs https://diplomatie.belgium.be/en. In addition, these third-country nationals must fall within the scope of the measures. (see https://dofi.ibz.be/sites/dvzoe/EN/Pages/Travel-to-Belgium.aspx)

PRIMARY/SECONDARY EDUCATION: 30 June 2020 was the last day of school before the Summer recess. The regions (Flemish/French speaking) are now making plans in what form to restart schools in September. The approach is coordinated and similar on both language communities. The scenarios and measures are based on the actual Corona incidence in 4 "phases": green, yellow, orange, red. The assumption is that the new school year will start on September 1st in phase "yellow", meaning all schools are open and all students are taught but distancing rules apply. For Flanders: The expectation is that the year will start in "code yellow" which implies: -primary school: all students in school, 5 days per week, social distancing between adults and between adults and students, but no social distancing between students -secondary school: all students in school, 4 days per week, social distancing / masks in case social distancing cannot be ensured (see https://onderwijs.vlaanderen.be/nl/coronavirus) For wallonia-brussels federation: "On September 1, 2020, the school year will start at the Yellow level ..." "From September 1, compulsory education will apply fully to all children from 5 years of age. Whether or not to attend school, whether or not to follow learning will no longer be left to the discretion of parents whose children are of compulsory school age; Moreover, the organizing authorities will have the obligation to open schools and organize learning under the conditions defined in the circulars. Continuity of learning must be ensured; Finally, monitoring will be implemented to take into account the impact of the Covid on the number of students enrolled and present in certain establishments and therefore on the supervision of schools; in this regard, in nursery education, the modalities of the first counting of the year will be adapted to avoid damaging schools faced with a late return of pupils." (see http://www.enseignement.be/index.php?page=28294) HIGHER EDUCATION: The requirements on social distancing have led many universities to keep on-line education as the prime mode. However each university sets their own local policies that differ in their strictness. This might change as the new academic year starts on 21 September. See later entries for examples in specific universities. Due to the impact of requirements in higher eduction, the policy is set to 1T.

"The National Security Council of 24 June 2020 has decided to approve the transition to phase 4 of the phase-out plan from 1 July." "From now on freedom is the rule and what is not allowed, the exception." "Teleworking is recommended where possible." "If no protocol exists for a sector, the minimum rules from the ministerial decree apply: -the company or association informs customers and employees in good time about the prevailing prevention measures and provides employees with appropriate training; -a distance of 1.5 meters between each person is guaranteed; -masks and other personal protective equipment are always strongly recommended and are used if the rules of social distance cannot be observed due to the nature of the activity carried on; -the activity must be organized in such a way as to avoid gatherings; -the company or association makes available means of providing the necessary hand hygiene to its staff and customers; -the company or association takes appropriate hygiene measures to regularly disinfect the workplace and the material used; -the company or association ensures good ventilation of the workplace; -a contact person is identified and disclosed so that customers and employees can report a possible infection with the corona virus COVID-19 in order to facilitate contact tracing." (see https://economie.fgov.be/nl/themas/ondernemingen/coronavirus/coronavirus-toegelaten) HOWEVER very limited and specific sectors, dance-clubs and night-clubs, are not allowed to reopen until 1 September 2020 at the earliest. ( https://www.unizo.be/advies/corona-mag-jouw-winkel-bedrijf-open-mogen-jouw-activiteitendiensten-doorgaan) Therefore, in consultation with the Data Team, the coding 2G was chosen as some sectors are indeed required to stay closed.

The federal government entered the 4th phase on 1 July 2020 implying "Nevertheless, it will be possible to organize activities with the public from 1 July, under certain conditions laid down in protocols. Thus, for regular events organized in permanent infrastructures such as theaters, cinemas, tribunes and congress halls, protocols will be drawn up with the competent ministers and experts from GEES. For one-off events in public space, an online tool (matrix) will be available from 1 July, which will serve as a reference for local authorities when granting permits for these events. Clear rules will also have to be applied. All these events have a capacity limit of: 200 people inside; 400 people outside. " (see https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/news/nvr-24-06/)

The federal government entered the 4th phase on 1 July 2020 implying "group activities should not exceed 15 people, including children. This applies to all non-framed gatherings, regardless of whether they take place indoors or outdoors." (see https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/news/nvr-24-06/)

Some measures have already expired, but it seems reasonable to keep the level to 2-Broad for now and go to 1-Narrow on 18 July 2020 unless some measures are unexpectedly extended. (1) "Payment deferral charter mortgage loan" Extended until 31 December 2020 ( https://www.febelfin.be/nl/consumenten/artikel/charter-betalingsuitstel-hypothecair-krediet) (2) Deferred payment of income taxes Extra payment deferral of income taxes for 2019 of 2 months still in place... however, this will become less relevant as time goes on ( https://financien.belgium.be/nl/Actueel/18-03-2020-coronavirus-bijkomende-steunmaatregelen) (3) Protection cutting off utilities -Flanders: "As long as the strict corona measures are in place, there will be no closures of water, gas or electricity." (this measure will extend until 17 Juli 2020 but is expected to terminate then)( https://www.vlaanderen.be/gezondheid-en-welzijn/gezondheid/gezondheid-en-preventie-tijdens-de-coronacrisis/corona-maatregelen-voor-waterfactuur-en-energiefactuur) -Wallonia: the measure expired on 30 June 2020 "From July 1, 2020, the non-shutdown period will be over." ( https://www.energieinfowallonie.be/fr/actualites/coronavirus-coupures-interdites-decouvrez-les-mesures-exceptionnelles-prises-par-le) (4) Protection against evictions -Flanders: "Rent evictions remain suspended until July 17, 2020." ( https://www.wonenvlaanderen.be/sites/wvl/files/wysiwyg/aanpak_beeindiging_beperkende_coronamaatregelen_en_invloed_op_de_private_en_sociale_huurmarkt_def_huisstijl.pdf) -Wallonia: protection against evictions ended on 9 June 2020 "The execution of any expulsion order is temporarily suspended under the AGW of special powers which temporarily suspends the execution of administrative and judicial expulsion decisions until June 8, 2020 inclusive." ( https://www.swl.be/index.php/accueil/coronavirus-covid19) -Wallonia: availability of loans at 0% interest to pay rent ( http://luttepauvrete.wallonie.be/actualites/covid-19-difficult%C3%A9s-ou-impossibilit%C3%A9-de-paiement-de-votre-loyer)

No change "Each person can meet a maximum of 15 different people per week. Meet outside. Can't you meet outside? Air well: open the window. Do you do something in a group (for example at a restaurant, on a trip or at your home)? Do this with a maximum of 15 people." ( https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/faq/)

Despite the goal to have full contact tracing (the policy level is therefore kept at 2): -An App for tracing is only expected in September -Reports in the press "Anyone who has symptoms should see a doctor quickly to get tested for corona. After that, an entire machine is started to contain further contamination. Only: that machine runs too slow to speak of a really successful contact investigation. Because every day of delay reduces the usefulness of the system." ( https://www.nieuwsblad.be/cnt/dmf20200713_95680667)

No changes "Are you going to an officially organized event (for example a village party, sports competition or cultural performance)? There is a maximum number of attendees. From July 1: maximum 200 people inside, maximum 400 people outside From August 1: maximum 400 people inside, maximum 800 people outside Every organization has specific rules. Check the website." ( https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/faq/)

No changes "Each person can meet a maximum of 15 different people per week. Meet outside. Can't you meet outside? Air well: open the window. Do you do something in a group (for example at a restaurant, on a trip or at your home)? Do this with a maximum of 15 people." ( https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/faq/)

Despite the goal to have comprehensive contact tracing (the policy level is kept at 2), media reports and experts point at the inadequacies of the current system. For example Niel Hens, professor of biostatistics at UAntwerp and UHasselt and a member of the expert group: "We have been saying for weeks that it is crucial to map clusters. That system must be there. But we therefore conclude that it still does not work. " ( https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200716_93727196) "The criticism of the contact detection is correct. That is the view of Erika Vlieghe, infectiologist and chair of the GEES expert group." ( https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200716_92381956)

The overall situation has not changed and the overall level is kept at 3-Ban because "Travel to Belgium from third countries (= non-EU or Schengen countries): Non-essential travel to Belgium is prohibited." ( https://dofi.ibz.be/sites/dvzoe/NL/Gidsvandeprocedures/Pages/Reizen%20naar%20Belgi%C3%AB.aspx) In addition "Travel to Belgium from areas marked as red zones on the FPS Foreign Affairs website are prohibited." This list is updated regularly ( https://diplomatie.belgium.be/nl)

Note that the extended measures due to Corona are likely to expire on 31 August 2020 "From 13.03.2020 to 31.08.2020, a smooth application of the concept of “force majeure” will be accepted and all situations of temporary unemployment due to the coronavirus can be considered temporary unemployment due to force majeure, even if, for example, there are still work is possible on certain days." ( https://www.rva.be/nl/documentatie/infoblad/t2)

Measures are reverted to 1-Narrow as the protections against evictions and cutting off utilities now also expired in the last region, Flanders, where such measures were in place until 17 July 2020. (Note that evictions cannot be executed in Brussels until 31 August 2020) (see https://www.vlaanderen.be/vlaamse-maatregelen-tijdens-de-coronacrisis/vlaamse-coronamaatregelen-rond-wonen-en-energie) As of 18 July 2020, "narrow" measures are still in place and include (see for a good overview https://www.armoedebestrijding.be/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/200703-overzicht-covid-19-NL-DEF.pdf) (1) Evictions, rent and morgages -Federal: "Payment deferral charter mortgage loan" (Extended until 31 December 2020) ( https://www.febelfin.be/nl/consumenten/artikel/charter-betalingsuitstel-hypothecair-krediet) -Flanders: "Borrowers of mortgage loans with the Flemish Housing Fund can defer payment for a period of 6 months until the end of October 2020 at the latest." -Wallonia: availability of loans at 0% interest to pay rent ( http://luttepauvrete.wallonie.be/actualites/covid-19-difficult%C3%A9s-ou-impossibilit%C3%A9-de-paiement-de-votre-loyer) -Brussels: "Until August 31, 2020, any material eviction is prohibited." (2) Deferral of taxes -Federal: extra payment deferral of income taxes for 2019 of 2 months still in place... however, this will become less relevant as time goes on ( https://financien.belgium.be/nl/Actueel/18-03-2020-coronavirus-bijkomende-steunmaatregelen) (3) Other loans -Federal: "law ... obliges consumer credit lenders to temporarily, free of charge, repay a loan or install credit, during the period between May 1 and July 31, 2020, but also extend the zeroing period in case of allow credit openings for a maximum term of 3 months."

A meeting of the federal security council of 23 July 2020 confirmed that, despite an increase in the number of daily infections, there will be no changes and that the "bubble of 15 people" is maintained: each person can meet a maximum of 15 different people per week. (see https://crisiscentrum.be/nl/news/crisisbeheer/lokale-en-nationale-aanpak-om-de-heropflakkering-van-het-coronavirus-af-te-remmen) Note that, locally, some stricter rules will come into force: E.g. in the city of Antwerp, as of 25 June 2020, "there will be a ban on gatherings of more than 10 people if this happens outside the strict family context or if the distance rules are not respected." ( https://www.nieuwsblad.be/cnt/dmf20200722_95119103)

As of 25 July 2020, the province of Antwerp, especially hit by an increase in infections, instated local stronger restrictions on gatherings. "Across the province, the social bubble is reduced to 10 regular contacts for the next four weeks." (compare to the federal restriction of 15 contacts per week) ( https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2020/07/25/liveblog-zaterdag-25-juli-2020/) Despite this local restriction, the overall level is documented at 3G as there are no local restrictions below 11 people and no area that allows gatherings of over 100 people.

Due to an increase in the daily infection rates and the R-value in the province of Antwerp, the governor of the province of Antwerp requested not to visit the province or to leave the province to avoid the new restrictions. ( https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2020/07/28/antwerpen-de-getroffen-maatregelen-op-een-rij/)

At the federal level, working from home is strongly encouraged again ( https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200729_91848859) and some specific sectors (night-clubs and dance-clubs) are still closed (which was coded as 2G). In addition, due to an increase in the daily infection rates and the R-value in the province of Antwerp, the governor of the province of Antwerp decided that working from home is compulsory unless absolutely impossible. ( https://www.gva.be/cnt/dmf20200727_97458233/overzicht-deze-bijkomende-maatregelen-worden-genomen-in-de-provincie-antwerpen) To reflect the compulsory working from home, coding 3T was chosen, although this might not reflect the situation in Antwerpen well as many customer-facing businesses (such as restaurants or shops that are "non essential") are still open under specific hygiene conditions. It is therefore debatable whether 2G or 3T reflects the current situation best.

At the federal level, the maximal size of events has been reduced to 100 indoors and 200 outdoors. ( https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200729_91848859) Due to an increase in the daily infection rates and the R-value in the province of Antwerp, the governor of the province of Antwerp decided: -in the city of Antwerp and its suburbs: all events and parties are strictly forbidden ( https://www.gva.be/cnt/dmf20200727_97458233/overzicht-deze-bijkomende-maatregelen-worden-genomen-in-de-provincie-antwerpen)

At the federal level the social bubble has been restricted to 5 people, fixed for the next 4 weeks: "A family may allow five more people into its social bubble for the next four weeks, not including children. And above all: that bubble should remain the same for the next four weeks." ( https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200729_91848859) C4=4G is chosen as a family of e.g. 2 people can only meet with 5 other fixed people implying a restriction on gatherings of fewer than 10 people. Gatherings of up to a maximum 10 people are possible in case social distancing / face masks are used.

Due to an increase in the daily infection rates and the R-value in the province of Antwerp, the governor of the province of Antwerp decided: -in the entire province: --there is a curfew from 23:30 to 06:00 --team sports are forbidden over 18 years, contact sports are forbidden --working from home is compulsory unless absolutely impossible and recommended to stay home as much as possible ( https://www.gva.be/cnt/dmf20200727_97458233/overzicht-deze-bijkomende-maatregelen-worden-genomen-in-de-provincie-antwerpen) This is coded as 2T as the FAQs state "Code curfews as a 2"

Several towns in the province of West-Vlaanderen have taken measures that are stricter than the federal norm ( https://www.nieuwsblad.be/cnt/dmf20200729_96684922) So the overall picture gets more complicated: -federally: at most 100 people indoors and 200 outdoors (and specific rules on top depending on the kind of event) -certain towns in West-Vlaanderen: events with at most 100 people, need permission, mask must be worn -province of Antwerp: all events and parties are forbidden

The category of people who can get tested is broader than only people with symptoms but it is NOT the case that tests are generally available. Therefore H2=2 still seems most appropriate. A recent press article describes the conditions that must be fulfilled to be eligible for a test as follows: "At the moment, not just anyone can get tested. Only people with a code from a contact locator or who have been referred by a GP can do this ... A test will not be refunded if a patient is not covered by Sciensano's procedural guidelines, but in principle the doctor should not perform that test." ( https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200731_94091288) The "Sciensano procedural guidelines" define the conditions for a test in more detail: -"possible cases" based on symptoms -or "confirmed cases" -or people who had "high-risk contacts" or returned from an orange or red area In addition, in case there is sufficient capacity: -patients before starting hospital stay -new inhabitants of retirement homes ( https://covid-19.sciensano.be/sites/default/files/Covid19/COVID-19_Case%20definition_Testing_NL.pdf)

The overall situation has not changed: "Travel to Belgium from third countries (= countries not belonging to the EU or Schengen): Non-essential travel to Belgium is prohibited." In addition for people who do return from certain areas a quarantine is obliged or recommended. ( https://dofi.ibz.be/sites/dvzoe/NL/Gidsvandeprocedures/Pages/Reizen%20naar%20Belgi%C3%AB.aspx)

The city of Antwerp has built a test-village to increase the testing capacity. However, even here, tests are not generally available but a condition to get tested is "You were contacted by a government contact investigator and you were given an activation code for a Covid-19 test." ( https://testcovid.be/) So the conditions are broader than H2=2 but are not H2=3, therefore H2=2 is kept.

Due to a heat-wave, the curfew in Antwerp is not enforced as of 7 August 2020, therefore it is best to return to 1T as only a "recommendation to stay home" is left in the province of Antwerp at this point. ( https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2020/08/07/avondklok-in-antwerpen-niet-gehandhaafd-tijdens-hittegolf-gebr/)

In the coastal town of Knokke-Heist: "Mayor Lippens of Knokke-Heist calls for not coming to the coast this weekend" ( https://myprivacy.dpgmedia.be/?siteKey=Uqxf9TXhjmaG4pbQ&callbackUrl= https%3a%2f%2fwww.hln.be%2fprivacy-wall%2faccept%3fredirectUri%3d%2fnieuws%2fburgemeester-lippens-van-knokke-heist-roept-op-om-dit-weekend-niet-naar-de-kust-te-komen-antwerpse-avondklok-tijdelijk-niet-gehandhaafd-wegens-hittegolf%7ea33d4486%2f)

As of 9 August 2020 and until further notice, the coastal towns of Knokke-Heist and Blankenberge do not allow entry from people without a valid reason (residents, overnight tourists or people who work in the city are still allowed entry but other tourists cannot enter these areas any more) "Knokke-Heist and Blankenberge banned day trippers, also elsewhere measures against overrun" ( https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200809_91978057)

FOR PRIMARY/SECONDARY EDUCATION: NO CHANGE ("0") PRIMARY/SECONDARY EDUCATION: 30 June 2020 was the last day of school before the Summer recess. The regions (Flemish/French speaking) are now making plans in what form to restart schools in September. The approach is coordinated and similar on both language communities. The scenarios and measures are based on the actual Corona incidence in 4 "phases": green, yellow, orange, red. The assumption is that the new school year will start on September 1st in phase "yellow", meaning all schools are open and all students are taught but distancing rules apply. For Flanders: https://onderwijs.vlaanderen.be/nl/coronavirus For the Federation Wallonia-Brussels: http://www.enseignement.be/index.php?page=28294 FOR HIGHER EDUCATION: NO CHANGE ("1T") The overall distancing measures have led many universities to close some of their activities until the beginning of the next academic year (21 September). Universities define their own local policies. For example, at Ghent University: "This means that all lessons and practicals are replaced by alternative (digital) teaching and learning activities. Educational activities that cannot be organized at a distance are suspended. In other words, students are no longer allowed access to Ghent University buildings, even when they are accompanied by a Ghent University staff member." ( https://www.ugent.be/en/news-events/coronavirus-updates.htm) For example, UCLouvain switched on 29 July 2020 to "Orange Code" meaning "Telework is recommended wherever possible and is introduced in accordance with arrangements established by the line manager." ( https://uclouvain.be/en/discover/news/news-coronavirus.html)

Downgraded to 2G as of 12 August 2020 because the special measures in the province of Antwerpen (causing 3T) were relaxed from "Telework will be mandatory, except when this is completely impossible or undesirable due to the nature of the activity and function." to "Telework is still the rule except when it is disproportionately difficult or undesirable given the nature of the activity and position of employees." ( https://www.cathyberx.be/taken-en-bevoegdheden/veiligheid/corona/maatregelen-provincie-antwerpen.html) 2G is kept because certain sectors (including dance-clubs) remain closed in the entire country, this is unchanged.

Although detailed regulations have changed a bit (mostly in the direction of more flexibility) the overall status stays unchanged at 2G because FEDERALLY: organised events are restricted to 100 persons inside, 200 outside with additional specific rules ( https://www.info-coronavirus.be/nl/faq/) LOCALLY: many areas have imposed stricter rules e.g. in the entire province of Antwerp "All public events, other than professionally organized public events to which an approved sector protocol (sectorgidscultuur.be) applies and / or public events that apparently and demonstrably meet the same conditions according to the municipal safety cell, are prohibited." ( https://www.cathyberx.be/taken-en-bevoegdheden/veiligheid/corona/maatregelen-provincie-antwerpen.html)

As of 12 August 2020, the curfew in the province of Antwerpen is enforced with a smaller window 1:30-5:00 (the intention is to avoid partying during the night...) ( https://www.cathyberx.be/taken-en-bevoegdheden/veiligheid/corona/maatregelen-provincie-antwerpen.html)

The measures taken in certain coastal towns ended on 12 August 2020. ( https://www.tijd.be/politiek-economie/belgie/algemeen/dagjestoeristen-vanaf-woensdag-weer-welkom-in-knokke-heist/10244578.html) Moving to "0" as the recommendation made by the governor of the province of Antwerp on 28 July 2020 has not been repeated since and are not documented on an official government web-site.

The National Security Council of 20 August 2020 confirmed the strategy as documented: "All pupils will therefore be able to return to school, at all levels of education, on the basis of the “code yellow” issued by the communities. As a reminder, code yellow means that the virus is still present and active, but the situation is under control. This system will allow for a normal school week consisting of five days, provided certain health measures are respected, such as pupils over 12 years of age and teachers being required to wear a face mask, and the suspension of certain extracurricular activities in secondary education. In addition to this system that applies to everyone, in municipalities experiencing peaks of infected people, the Ministers of Education can decide to move to code orange. Under that colour code, certain changes are made, such as a reduced number of school days for the third through sixth years of secondary education. Parents, children and teachers will be informed by the schools. For higher education institutions, as the academic year starts later, consultations are still underway to harmonise the rules that will apply to student campuses." ( https://www.sophiewilmes.be/en/managing-the-health-situation-start-of-the-school-year-for-all-and-outlook/)

The National Security Council of 20 August 2020 decided "From the 1st of September and for a period of one month: the maximum number of people admitted to public events – sporting events, theatres, cultural activities, places of worship, conference centres or auditoriums – will be extended to 200 people indoors and 400 people outdoors. Wearing a face mask is still mandatory as well as respecting the safety rules and protocols. To provide for more flexibility to professionals – provided safety rules are respected – this rule may be deviated from after consulting with the mayor and provided the competent ministers approve." ( https://www.sophiewilmes.be/en/managing-the-health-situation-start-of-the-school-year-for-all-and-outlook/)

The National Security Council of 20 August 2020 extended the existing measures: "From the 1st of September and for a period of one month: the social bubble of 5 people – i.e. people with whom citizens have close contact – will continue to apply, under the same conditions as in August. Contacts with other people while respecting the safety distance are still limited to 10 people at a time." ( https://www.sophiewilmes.be/en/managing-the-health-situation-start-of-the-school-year-for-all-and-outlook/)