What's the government response timeline for Germany?

Robert-Koch-Institut issues first guidelines regarding contact tracing to Kreis Heinsberg ( https://www.kreis-heinsberg.de/download_redirektor.php?FILEPATH=..%2F..%2F..%2Ffiles%2F&FILE=Kontaktpersonennachverfolgung_2019-nCoV.pdf)

German health minister: Be vigilant, but don't panic; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/spahn-coronavirus-101.html

German government tells clinics to prepare for Coronavirus patients; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/coronavirus-deutschland-103.html

This date is chosen since it marks the first time that a person was tested positively in Germany. The exact starting date of testing could not be determined. Generally, tests are available for people with symptoms who were in contact with someone who tested positive and / or travelled to one of the high-risk regions https://www.fr.de/wissen/coronavirus-sars-cov-2-test-schnelltest-deutschland-covid-19-13582178.html

Federal Government's COVID-19 crisis team informs public about Wuhan spread; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/krisenstab-bundesregierung-101.html

Health minister informs public about Coronavirus preparations; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/coronavirus-germersheim-111.html

German health ministry cooperates with Helmholtz Institut to produce series of videos on Coronavirus, including how to protect oneself from Coronavirus; https:/twitter.com/BMG_Bund/status/1227538838140047361, https://twitter.com/BMG_Bund/status/1227535818237063168, https://twitter.com/BMG_Bund/status/1227536321473761282, https://twitter.com/BMG_Bund/status/1227536825000103936, https://twitter.com/BMG_Bund/status/1227537328261881856, https://twitter.com/BMG_Bund/status/1227537831473664000, https://twitter.com/BMG_Bund/status/1227538838140047361, https://twitter.com/BMG_Bund/status/1227540851389276166

Following the confirmation of multiple COVID-19 cases, Kreis Heinsberg initiated closure of schools, swimming pools, libraries and the town hall after consulting with the NRW state government. While small compared to the total population of Germany (0.3%),a closure of around 100 schools should qualifies as a targeted school closure. Since Heinsberg is home to one tertiary institution (Rheinische Fachhochschule Köln in Geilenkirchen) which was not ordered to close and hence not all educational levels were affected by closures, this is coded as 2T. https:/www.kreis-heinsberg.de/aktuelles/aktuelles/?pid=5138; https://rp-online.de/nrw/staedte/kreis-heinsberg/coronavirus-erste-fall-im-kreis-heinsberg-fotos_bid-49197405

Germany enacts new health security measures against coronavirus infections, screens travellers from China, South Korea, Japan, Italy, Iran; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/coronavirus-deutschland-infektionen-101.html https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-germany-idUSKCN20M34J

Federal coronavirus response committee recommends cancelling public events if they pose an "increased risk for transmission"; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/coronavirus-itb-messe-absage-103.html, https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Risiko_Grossveranstaltungen.pdf?__blob=publicationFile

Robert-Koch-Institut starts issuing daily Coronavirus briefings; https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Situationsberichte/Archiv.html

Daily Situation Report of the Robert Koch Institute states that extensive contact tracing was initiated by the responsible health authorities in all affected states. https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Situationsberichte/2020-03-04-en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile

Health minister Spahn calls for events with more than 1000 people to be banned by states; https://www.politico.eu/article/german-minister-calls-for-ban-on-events-with-over-1000-people-as-coronavirus-cases-rise/

Health minister Jens Spahn urges all Germans to stay at home whenever possible. Source: https://www.nst.com.my/world/world/2020/03/572961/germans-told-stay-home-covid-19-cases-pass-900

Multiple German states ban events with more than 1000 attendees; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/corona-absagen-bundeslaender-101.html; https://www.br.de/nachrichten/bayern/corona-verbot-von-grossveranstaltungen-in-bayern-beschlossen,Rsp3bZO; https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/10/coronavirus-several-eu-states-ban-mass-events-after-italian-lockdown

Multiple German states ban events with more than 1000 attendees (including private events); https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/corona-absagen-bundeslaender-101.html; https://www.br.de/nachrichten/bayern/corona-verbot-von-grossveranstaltungen-in-bayern-beschlossen,Rsp3bZO; https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/10/coronavirus-several-eu-states-ban-mass-events-after-italian-lockdown

Halle (Saale) is first big city (>100k residents) in Germany to close schools starting on Friday, March 13; https://www.mz-web.de/halle-saale/wegen-corona-halle-schliesst-als-erste-deutsche-grossstadt-alle-schulen-und-kitas-36404152

Berlin shuts down all public gatherings; https://www.rbb24.de/panorama/thema/2020/coronavirus/beitraege/veranstaltungen-ab-50-teilnehmern-untersagt-berlin-berliner-sena.html

Bayern, Bremen, Hamburg, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen-Anhalt, and Schleswig-Holstein close schools starting March 16th; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/corona-schulschliessungen-101.html

"Germany has become the latest country to close borders as European nations try to stem the spread of the coronavirus Its borders with France, Austria and Switzerland were shut on Monday morning, except for commercial traffic... Only the borders with the Netherlands and Belgium are as yet unaffected." https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51905129

Announcement by the federal government that 60% of income are covered, all firms where at least 10% of jobs would be in jeopardy are eligible (policy change 16 March). Parents will get 67% of their salary covered. Besides covering the income, the state also takes over paying the social insurance contribution on the employer's side https://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Standardartikel/Themen/Schlaglichter/Corona-Schutzschild/2020-03-19-Beschaeftigung-fuer-alle.html

Baden-Württemberg, Berlin und Thüringen close schools on March 17th; https://km-bw.de/site/pbs-bw-km-root/get/documents_E-602166115/KULTUS.Dachmandant/KULTUS/KM-Homepage/Pressemitteilungen/Pressemitteilungen%202020/2020%2003%2013%20Schreiben%20Ministerin%20Eisenmann%20Schlie%C3%9Fung%20Kita%20Schulen.pdf; https://www.berlin.de/aktuelles/berlin/6108606-958092-berliner-schulen-schliessen-am-dienstag.html; https://bildung.thueringen.de/ministerium/medienservice/detailseite/schul-und-kitaschliessungen-ab-dienstag-infektionsketten-weiter-eindaemmen-1/

With Brandenburg closing schools on the 18th of March, all states have now closed all schools and universities; https://www.brandenburg.de/sixcms/detail.php?gsid=bb1.c.661480.de

Merkel in TV address asks all Germans to limit their movement, not visit vulnerable populations; https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/aktuelles/fernsehansprache-von-bundeskanzlerin-angela-merkel-1732134

"Germany is closing its borders to travelers from other EU countries in response to the coronavirus outbreak, Transport Minister Andreas Scheuer said on Wednesday evening. "Today we are taking a further step to protect the population. We are expanding the restrictions on people traveling into the country to travelers from the European member countries — regardless of whether they travel to Germany via air, rail, water or road," Scheuer said in a statement released by his ministry." https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-closing-borders-to-eu-travelers-minister-says/ Additional source: https://thehill.com/policy/international/488310-germany-closing-its-borders-to-travelers-from-eu

Due to the rise in cases, Germany suspends extensive contract tracing. RKI initatiates a policy of "limited contract tracing" (meaning the health authorities only contact people that were in "close contact" with a confirmed case) https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Kontaktperson/Management.html

State of Schleswig-Holstein bans entries from other states except for certain "essential" purposes; https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/schleswig-holstein/coronavirus/Coronavirus-in-SH-Zweitwohnungsbesitzer-duerfen-bleiben,zweitwohnung104.html

Half of Germans work from home currently; https://www.capital.de/wirtschaft-politik/deutschland-im-homeoffice-fuenf-herausforderungen

All states have banned social events, gatherings: "Meetings of small groups in public spaces are prohibited in all states" https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/laender-corona-103.html

Bavaria limits gatherings to 2 persons starting at midnight from Friday to Saturday; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/soeder-363.html

Bavaria issues stay-at-home order except for "essential travel"; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/soeder-363.html

Germany closes nonessential shops and leisure facilities, limits restaurants to takeout, but stops short of closing all businesses (mandates social distancing at the workplace); https://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/bkin-de/aktuelles/wichtig-neue-regeln-zum-corona-virus-1734166; https://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/bkin-de/aktuelles/pressekonferenz-von-bundeskanzlerin-merkel-zu-der-besprechung-mit-den-regierungschefinnen-und-regierungschefs-der-laender-zum-coronavirus-1733286; https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-wont-relax-coronavirus-covid19-measures-before-april-19-angela-merkel/

German states and federal government agree on ban on all public events for at least two weeks; https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/kontaktverbot-coronavirus-103.html

Germany bans private gatherings of more than two people (2 people are allowed to meet, providing they keep a distance of 1.5m); https://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/bkin-de/aktuelles/wichtig-neue-regeln-zum-corona-virus-1734166

Germany bans being outside in groups of two or more in general, but does not ban going outside (this would be 1G, but is superseded by Bavaria's 2T); Berlin issues stay-at-home order except for essential movement; https://www.berlin.de/corona/en/measures/directive/; https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/themen/coronavirus/besprechung-der-bundeskanzlerin-mit-den-regierungschefinnen-und-regierungschefs-der-laender-1733248

Broad measures implemented to relieve small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as bigger corporations from their outstanding bills. This includes instant cash-payments as well as large-scale loan programs at a broader scale than usual https://www.kfw.de/KfW-Group/Newsroom/Latest-News/KfW-Corona-Hilfe-Unternehmen.html Further details on the instant cash payments here: https://www.bmwi.de/Redaktion/DE/Downloads/E/eckpunkte-corona-soforthilfe.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=4

Saarland issues stay-at-home order; https://corona.saarland.de/DE/service/downloads/_documents/corona-verfuegungen/dld_2020-03-31-amtsblatt-rechtsverordnung.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=2

Saxony also issues stay-at-home order; https://www.coronavirus.sachsen.de/download/Fassung-RV-SaechsCoronaSchVO_31032020.pdf

https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/themen/coronavirus/corona-informationen-miete-verbraucherschutz-1734914 "Payment arrears from April 1 to June 30, 2020 do not entitle the landlord to cancel for a period of 24 months. This limitation applies to cases where the backlog is due to the effects of the corona pandemic. The regulation is limited to the period from April 1 to June 30, 2020. However, the tenant or lessee's obligation to pay on time remains in force during this time."

There is reduced demand but public transport capacity has been maintained. "Although the virus risk had deterred passenger usage, Deutsche Bahn was running its long-distance passenger trains about 75% of its typically-scheduled long-distance trains, and about 65% of normal for short-distance services — something very similar to their weekend schedule. Lutz said the goal behind this was to ensure that trains were available for the few people who still needed them, when they needed them." https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-german-passenger-rail-demand-plummets-but-freight-services-key/a-53042113

PDF explaining circumstances which may lead to testing, and procedures implemented in each circumstance: https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Massnahmen_Verdachtsfall_Infografik_DINA3.pdf?__blob=publicationFile

https://ec.europa.eu/info/live-work-travel-eu/health/coronavirus-response/travel-and-transportation-during-coronavirus-pandemic_en 08/04 https://ec.europa.eu/info/live-work-travel-eu/health/coronavirus-response/travel-and-transportation_en "To contain the spreading of the virus, on 16 March, the European Commission recommended to Member States to apply a temporary 30 days coordinated restriction of non-essential travel from third countries into the EU. Following the endorsement by EU leaders, all EU Member States (except Ireland) and all Schengen Associated Countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland) are now applying this travel restriction. On 8 April, the Commission invited Member States and non-EU Schengen countries to extend the temporary restrictions on non-essential travel to the EU until 15 May."

Hamburg and Rheinland-Pfalz, and Sachsen-Anhalt (partially) restrict movement to other states; https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/alle-laender-im-ueberblick-was-erlaubt-ist-an-ostern-und-was-nicht-16719361.html?ot=de.faz.ArticleCommentsElement.comments.ajax.ot&action=commentList&page=1&cid=1.6719361&onlyTopArguments=false (link without archive includes maps)

"Not all people in Germany have been tested for the new corona virus so far. The criteria have been adjusted several times. It is currently being tested who typical flu-like symptoms shows AND either in the last two weeks in contact with a confirmed case of Corona had or previous illness or current respiratory complaints worsening ( e.g. fever) or comes into contact with people who are at high risk of developing a severe illness with Covid-19 through work or volunteer work (e.g. hospital or care) ." https://www.quarks.de/gesundheit/medizin/corona-test-wie-funktioniert-der-test/

In addition to guidelines, an app for general contract tracing is currently under development; https://www.zusammengegencorona.de/informieren/praevention/

Whatsapp information campaigns: https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/coronavirus.html

https://www.bundesregierung.de/resource/blob/973812/1744550/4e256a620f61e3154bf8b2bf310837c2/2020-04-15-beschluss-bund-laender-eng-data.pdf?download=1 “secondary and vocational school students who are leaving school this year or have qualification-relevant examinations in the coming school year, as well as pupils in their final year in primary school, can be taught as priority groups from 4 May 2020.”

"The following are closed to the public: a. restaurants and cafés. This does not include the delivery and collection of food that can be taken away and consumed at home. b. bars, clubs, discotheques, pubs and similar establishments c. theatres, opera houses, concert halls, museums, galleries, exhibitions, zoological and botanical gardens and similar establishments d. trade fairs, cinemas, leisure parks and providers of leisure activities (both indoor and outdoor), specialised markets (unless explicitly regulated otherwise in the decision of 15 April), amusement arcades, casinos, betting offices and similar establishments e. places of prostitution, brothels and similar establishments f. sporting activities at all public and private sports facilities, pools, g. fitness studios and similar establishments h. outlet centres i. playgrounds." https://www.bundesregierung.de/resource/blob/973812/1744550/4e256a620f61e3154bf8b2bf310837c2/2020-04-15-beschluss-bund-laender-eng-data.pdf?download=1

Germany extends ban on private gatherings of more than two people up until May 03 (2 people are allowed to meet, providing they keep a distance of 1.5m); https://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/bkin-de/aktuelles/regeln-zum-corona-virus-vom-15-april-2020-1744880

Brandenburg issues stay-at-home order; https://bravors.brandenburg.de/verordnungen/sars_cov_2_eindv

Saxony does not renew stay-at-home order; national guidance (1G) still applies in Saxony; https://www.mdr.de/nachrichten/politik/coronavirus-ausgangsbeschraenkung-kontaktverbot-100.html

Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Schleswig-Holstein continue to ban entry for non-essential purposes (such as tourism); https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/covid-19-wie-sich-das-coronavirus-auf-das-reisen-auswirkt.1939.de.html?drn:news_id=1123073

All states introduced a mandatory face mask rule for public transport. https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/themen/coronavirus/empfehlung-schutzmasken-1745224

The measure in Germany that allows people to reduce work time but keep their job is called "Kurzarbeit" or "Kurzarbeitergeld". This is not translated in the below. As of 22 April 2020 the policy was extended as follows: " -Kurzarbeitergeld is increased, depending on the duration of the short-time work. So far, the Federal Employment Agency has paid 60 percent of the loss of wages for short-time work and 67 percent for parents. -From the fourth month of receipt, the Kurzarbeitergeld for childless employees who are currently working at least 50 percent less will be increased to 70 percent and from the seventh month of receipt to 80 percent of the loss of earnings. For employees with children who are currently working at least 50 percent less, the increase is 77 percent from the fourth month of receipt and 87 percent from the seventh month of receipt. These increases apply until December 31, 2020 at the most. " (see https://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Standardartikel/Themen/Schlaglichter/Corona-Schutzschild/2020-03-19-Beschaeftigung-fuer-alle.html) Individual employees can get Kurzarbeitergeld up to a period of 21 months. The measure will end on 31 December 2020. Unless the measure is terminated unexpectedly at an earlier point in time, no comments are added to the database.

Still no actual measures are in place, it is just a decrease in demand

Tests are generally available. The event here is the availability of a drive-through by a private practice in Berlin. Other screening centers were available before this date. From public radio on April 29 2020: "Not only Berlin health authorities have set up test stations outdoors, a private doctor's office in Mitte will also offer corona tests via drive-in from Wednesday. " https://www.rbb24.de/panorama/thema/2020/coronavirus/beitraege_neu/2020/04/coronavirus-schnelltest-bluttest-corona-test-berlin-mitte.html

Some states starting to relax restrictions on gathering sizes; for example, in Thuringia, open air gatherings permit up to 50 people from May 3rd. https://www.tmasgff.de/medienservice/artikel/neue-verordnung-zur-eindaemmung-des-coronavirus-tritt-am-montag-in-kraft

https://www.bundesregierung.de/resource/blob/973812/1744550/4e256a620f61e3154bf8b2bf310837c2/2020-04-15-beschluss-bund-laender-eng-data.pdf?download=1 “secondary and vocational school students who are leaving school this year or have qualification-relevant examinations in the coming school year, as well as pupils in their final year in primary school, can be taught as priority groups from 4 May 2020.”

05/05 Extends controls until 15th May https://www.schengenvisainfo.com/news/germanys-interior-ministry-extends-internal-border-controls-until-may-15/

As this is decided at the level of the Länder (and not federally), the change recorded here is for the state of Bayern, that had one of the stricter rules on staying at home. In a cabinet meeting on May 5th 2020, Bayern decided: "Effective May 6, 2020, the general exit restriction will no longer apply. The existing contact restrictions and the distance requirement continue to apply. Everyone is therefore required to reduce physical contact with other people outside of their own household to an absolutely necessary minimum. " https://www.bayern.de/bericht-aus-der-kabinettssitzung-vom-5-mai-2020/

Going forward, the federal government will largely leave the responsibility for further easing to the states https://www.cbsnews.com/news/coronavirus-in-germany-angela-merkel-first-phase-covid-victory-eases-lockdown-today-2020-05-07/

The exact measures are defined at the level of the federal states (Bundesländern), which is why "Targeted" is chosen. Using Bayern (with a more strict regime among the federal states) as an example, the "Bayern-Plan Corona-Krise und Wirtschaft" of 05.05.2020 defines: "From May 11, 2020, the opening of all retail and service companies (large and retail with customer traffic) under certain conditions (e.g. mask requirement)" but includes a list of specific facilities that need to remain closed: "Club rooms Meeting and event rooms, Clubs, Discos, Bathing establishments, Thermal baths, Wellness centers, Saunas, Theatre*, Cinemas *, Youth homes, Amusement parks, City tours, Gyms, Dance schools, Places of amusement, Brothels and comparable leisure facilities as well as tourist coach trips" ( https://www.stmgp.bayern.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/bayern-plan_corona-krise_und_wirtschaft.pdf)

From a media report of May 14th 2020: "A team of NDR and WDR journalists asked all of the health authorities in the republic - and almost half (46 percent) had replied in writing. The result: only 24 percent of them meet the requirements agreed upon by the federal and state governments. In contrast, 67 percent do not have enough employees based on the federal-state guidelines to ensure the persecution of close contacts. The rest have not given any information." ( https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/corona-gesundheitsaemter-103.html)

In a press release of 13 May 2020, changes in the border regime were announced (see https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/EN/2020/05/changes-in-the-border-regime.html) including -"Restrictions at land borders will be relaxed. All cross-border traffic routes will be reopened. Checks will no longer be systematic, but rather flexible and risk-based"... "While travellers will still need a valid reason for entering Germany, more allowances will be made for travel for family-related and personal reasons. -"Checks at the border with Luxembourg will end at midnight on 15 May 2020" -"Regarding the EU’s external borders, the European Commission has recommended continuing restrictions on entry from non-EU countries until 15 June 2020. Germany is following this recommendation." -" A 14-day quarantine should be ordered in future only for travellers entering Germany from countries outside of the EU."

"Two households are now allowed to meet and eat together, while elderly people can be visited by one individual. But on May 11, a report was released that the virus' reproduction rate was on the rise, increasing concerns about the wisdom of reopening." https://www.northstarmeetingsgroup.com/coronavirus-countries-cities-reopening-COVID-19-new-cases

Although there are no travel restrictions at the federal level, certain federal states are still imposing limits on travel from other federal states. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania seems to be the strictest. From 18 May 2020 until 24 May 2020, the state is in "Phase 3" meaning that day trips are forbidden and that overnight stays are only allowed for "for residents with primary or secondary residence in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania". Therefore C7 is kept at 2T.

"Targeted" was selected as the precise decision on the reopening of the schools is at the level of the federal states (Bundesländer).

* At the federal level the restrictions were reduced In a joint meeting on 25 May 2020, the federal government and the Länder decided to continue restrictions on public gatherings until 29 June 2020 as follows: Länder kann allow public gatherings with up to 10 persons or with members of up to 2 families (see https://www.bundesregierung.de/resource/blob/973812/1755468/6cd6a58bfd7647ed1d5b8afc91243a70/2020-05-26-chefbkcdsbeschluss-data.pdf?download=1) * However, the federal states (Bundesländer) can keep local stricter rules For example the state of Berlin kept the limit to 5 people "In the future, in addition to members of two households, up to five people can meet again at home or outdoors This applies regardless of the question of whether they live together or not" (see https://www.morgenpost.de/politik/article228706533/Corona-Regeln-im-Ueberblick-Das-gilt-in-Ihrem-Bundesland.html for an overview as of 5 June 2020). Therefore it seems best to set the level to 4T reflecting the strictest states (like Berlin) that still restrict gatherings under 10 people.

The federal state Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, with strict rules on entry from other federal states with Germany, moved from Phase 3 to Phase 4 as of 25 May 2020. This means that guests from other states are allowed entry but certain restrictions have been kept in place: for example day-trips without an overnight stay are still not allowed (but there is a long list of exceptions that has been extended over time). (see https://www.regierung-mv.de/service/Corona-FAQs/) Therefore C7 is kept at 2T as there are still local restrictions on internal movement, probably until the end of Augusst.

According to official information from the federal government a ban for non-essential travel continues following general EU guidelines until at least 15 June 2020: "Like other European countries, Germany will continue to apply the travel restrictions in the Schengen area decided on 17 March 2020 by the EU Heads of State and Government until 15 June 2020." (see https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/en/-/2320738)

The gradual reopening of the schools is decided at the level of the federal states (Bundesländer). A coordination meeting of the ministers of education of the federal states "agreed on 2 June in an extraordinary switching conference that it wanted to return to regular school operations as soon as possible" but "did not agree on a uniform date. Due to the different holiday periods, this could be before the summer holidays in some countries and only afterwards in others. At their next official meeting on June 18, the round of culture ministers and educational scientists will discuss the planning and design of the new school year." (from a press report in https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article208990205/Coronavirus-Das-sind-die-Plaene-der-Bundeslaender-fuer-Schulen-und-Kitas.html)

Despite more flexibility at the federal level and in many federal states, some states still keep a tighter regulation. E.g. Berlin still restricts gatherings to two families or at most 5 people. This regulation was kept into effect until 26 June 2020. Therefore, until that time, it seems best to keep C4 at 4T until then, reflecting that some local federal states restrict gatherings of fewer than 10 people. Berlin decided to drop restrictions on gatherings going into effect on 27 June 2020 ( https://www.berlin.de/rbmskzl/aktuelles/pressemitteilungen/2020/pressemitteilung.949728.php) As of 27 June 2020: "The contact restrictions on two households or five people are lifted, but you should keep your physical-social contacts with other people as low as possible."

According to information from the federal government 13 June 2020, the "Corona-Warn-App" is expected to be available next week. (see https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/themen/coronavirus/faq-corona-warn-app-1760070)

These decisions are taken at the level of the federal states (Bundesländer). Using Bayern as an example of a more strict state, in an official press release of 26 May 2020, the following changes were announced (see https://www.bayern.de/bericht-aus-der-kabinettssitzung-vom-26-mai-2020/) " -From June 8, 2020, there will be further relief in the field of sports, provided the necessary distance regulations and protection / hygiene concepts are observed: o The operation of outdoor pools and outdoor facilities of bathing establishments (including the outdoor area of ??swimming pools, spa facilities, hotels, etc.) can be resumed. o The restriction of training activities to the term “individual sports” in the Infection Protection Measures Ordinance (§ 9 Paragraph 1 Sentence 2 of the 4th BayIfSMV of May 5, 2020) is no longer applicable. o The training of rehabilitation sports groups and the training for national up to and including national team athletes of so-called non-Olympic sports is again permitted in sports facilities. o Outdoor training is permitted in groups of up to 20 people. o Indoor sports facilities can start operating again. o Competition operations for contactless outdoor sports are permitted again. o Dance schools for contactless dance and couple dance with a permanent dance partner as well as gyms can open again. • From June 15, 2020, it is generally possible to resume cinema operations. In coordination with the Ministry of Health, the digital ministry will develop and publish a specific hygiene concept that is based on the concept for cultural institutions, especially with regard to the total number of visitors and the hygiene regulations to be observed. " To reflect this situation, it seems best to keep C2=2T until June 15th and then change to C2=0.

As of June 15, cinemas can reopen in Bayern (which was used as representative for a rather strict Bundesland" "Update from June 12: The easing of the corona measures will continue on Monday (June 15) in Bavaria. After restaurants, hotels and fitness studios, it is now also the turn of theaters and cinemas." ( https://www.merkur.de/bayern/corona-bayern-lockerungen-regeln-soeder-neu-schulen-kino-ueberblick-kitas-restaurant-zr-13746216.html) However a limited number of sectors, especially nightclubs, still need to stay closed in most federal states. In agreement with the Data Team, C2 was therefore kept at 2T. For example, in Berlin, clubs are still closed as of 7 August 2020. Therefore, the minimum level of C2 will stay at 2T until this sector reopens as well. ( https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/mensch-metropole/mannschaftssport-und-sauna-sind-wieder-erlaubt-clubs-und-bordelle-bleiben-zu-li.94320)

Effective 15 June 2020 travel restrictions within the EU were reduced. However, the overall travel control to enter Germany warrant a continued "Ban". Key elements are: " In order to prevent the further spread of COVID-19, the European Commission has recommended that the travel restrictions already in place for all non-essential travel to the EU from third countries be extended until 30 June 2020. Germany will implement this recommendation. The following persons shall continue to be exempt from these travel restrictions: Nationals from EU countries, countries associated with Schengen (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland), the UK, and their respective family members returning to their place of residence Third-country nationals with a long-term right of residence in an EU Member State and/or the countries mentioned above (residence permit or long-term visa, e.g. for study or work purposes), provided that they are returning to their place of habitual residence Third-country nationals with essential functions or needs " ( https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/en/coronavirus/2317268)

Amid a decline in total caseload, RKI updates its guidelines and re-iniates more comprehensive contact tracing, including for individuals travelling by plane. RKI now differentiates contacts into three different categories (I,II,III) with close contacts (I) always being traced and ordered to isolate (with 14-day observation by health authorities) and medium contacts (II) being recommended certain preventative actions. Given that category I is quite extensive (all individuals with at least 15 mins of contact) and previous concerns about staffing are reduced to the lower number of cases, the coding is upgraded to 2 as the most likely fit. https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Kontaktperson/Management.html

"The official app called "Corona-Warn-App" was made available for download on June 16th, 2020 and presented in a press conference the same day. It was developed as open-source software jointly by Deutsche Telekom and SAP with scientific advice from the federal Robert Koch Institute and uses the Exposure Notification APIs from Google and Apple." (Wikipedia) The home-page of the Corona-Warn-App is: https://www.coronawarn.app As of June 25 the App was downloaded 13 million times. (see https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/1125951/umfrage/downloads-der-corona-warn-app/)

Due to a local outbreak of Corona in a meat-processing factory "Tönnies", the district around "Gütersloh" underlies stricter Corona measures. As this relapse seems relevant (and follows the general strategy of the federal government to impose locally stricter rules), the entries in the database reflect the stricter situation in "Gütersloh" with the "Targeted" flag. A press release of Gütersloh as of 17 June 2020: "3. In the schools in the district of Gütersloh, general classes will no longer take place from June 18 to June 26, that is until the beginning of the summer vacation. There will be extended emergency care in day care centres and schools." (see https://www.guetersloh.de/de/rathaus/presseportal/news/meldungen/toennies-schulschliessung.php)

Due to a local outbreak of Corona in a meat-processing factory "Tönnies", the districts "Gütersloh" and "Warendorf" exceed the 7-day incidence (new infections in the last 7 days per 100,000 inhabitants) of 50 and, in response, a first federal state, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, automatically activated restricted entry from visitors from those areas as of 20 June 2020 (see later entries for other federal states following). " It is currently the case that all guests who have arrived from the Gütersloh district after June 19, 2020 must absolutely leave. Those who arrived on June 18 do not have to leave the federal state. In this case, the day on which the district has been classified as a risk area counts. Guests from the risk areas are only allowed to enter if they can show a negative corona test and a medical certificate confirming the absence of symptoms, which must not be older than 48 hours. " ( https://www.mein-moenchgut.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Risikogebiete.pdf)

Due to a local outbreak of Corona in a meat-processing factory "Tönnies", the districts "Gütersloh" and "Warendorf" exceed the 7-day incidence (new infections in the last 7 days per 100,000 inhabitants) of 50 and, in response, several federal state have restricted entry from visitors from those areas. " -In Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, accommodation companies will no longer be able to accept people who come from a district in which the number of new infections in the past seven days was more than 50 per 100,000 inhabitants. There are exceptions only for people who have a current negative corona test. In Baden-Württemberg, exceptions should also be possible if the outbreak of infection can be clearly localized in a circle. -People from Corona risk areas are only allowed to enter Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania if they can prove that they have taken a Corona test within 48 hours before entry. It must be clear that there is no evidence of coronavirus infection. Anyone entering a risk area without this certificate must leave the country or immediately to their accommodation in order to isolate themselves there for 14 days. -From Friday, tourists from Gütersloh and Warendorf in Lower Saxony may only stay in hotels, holiday apartments or campsites with a negative corona test. The certificate may also be no more than 48 hours old. In Saarland, Prime Minister Tobias Hans (CDU) has spoken out in favor of banning travel for people from circles with high corona infections. -In Schleswig-Holstein and Rhineland-Palatinate, travelers must move into their apartment or other suitable accommodation immediately after entry in order to isolate themselves for 14 days. Or they must have a negative corona test, which must not be older than 48 hours. " ( https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/panorama/coronavirus-guetersloh-warendorf-reisen-urlaub-100.html)

Due to a local outbreak of Corona in a meat-processing factory "Tönnies", the districts "Gütersloh" and "Warendorf" are in Corona lock-down. As this relapse seems relevant (and follows the general strategy of the federal government to impose locally stricter rules when the the number of new infections exceeds 50 per 100.000 inhabitants per week), the entries in the database reflect this stricter local situation with the "Targeted" flag. As part of these measures the following is forbidden " 1. Concerts and performances in closed rooms of theaters, opera and concert houses, cinemas and other public or private (cultural) institutions, 2. the operation of museums, art exhibitions, galleries, castles, castles, memorials and similar facilities, insofar as it relates to closed rooms, 3. sports activities in closed rooms including gyms, 4. the practice of contact sports also outdoors, 5. spectators entering sports facilities, 6. the operation of bars and catering at counters in restaurants, 7. the operation of indoor playgrounds, 8. the operation of indoor swimming pools, saunas and comparable wellness facilities conditions, also in connection with accommodation facilities, 9. the operation of arcades, betting shops and similar facilities, ... " (see https://www.guetersloh.de/de-wAssets/docs/aktuelles/coronavirus/17.04.2020/Coronaregionalverordnung.pdf)

Due to a local outbreak of Corona in a meat-processing factory "Tönnies", the districts "Gütersloh" and "Warendorf" are in Corona lock-down. As this relapse seems relevant (and follows the general strategy of the federal government to impose locally stricter rules when the the number of new infections exceeds 50 per 100.000 inhabitants per week), the entries in the database reflect this stricter local situation with the "Targeted" flag. As of 25 June 2020 (and presumably until 30 June 2020): "several people may only meet in public space if it is 1. exclusively to relatives in a straight line, siblings, spouses, life partners men and life partners as well as people living in the same domestic community, 2. by only two people, 3. to accompany minors and people in need of support, 4. Required meetings for reasons relevant to care acts." (see https://www.guetersloh.de/de-wAssets/docs/aktuelles/coronavirus/17.04.2020/Coronaregionalverordnung.pdf)

Note that the temporary "lock-down" in Gütersloh and Warendorf did not include any stay at home requirements. (see https://www.guetersloh.de/de-wAssets/docs/aktuelles/coronavirus/17.04.2020/Coronaregionalverordnung.pdf)

As of June 25 the Corona-Warn-App was downloaded 13 million times. ( https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/1125951/umfrage/downloads-der-corona-warn-app/)

The measures in Gütersloh have been extended until 2020-07-07

The regional measures in Gütersloh have been extended until 2020-07-07

Known measures terminated on 1 July 2020. "Payment arrears from April 1 to June 30, 2020 do not entitle the landlord to terminate the contract for a period of 24 months. This limitation applies to cases where the backlog is due to the effects of the corona pandemic. The regulation is limited to the period from April 1 to June 30, 2020. ... These expired on July 1, 2020 and will not be extended. It has been shown that tenants and landlords were able to agree on a private basis in very many cases. For small businesses and solo self-employed, there were or are emergency aids and bridging aids, which can be used to offset operating costs such as rent or lease." "The deferral of payments for consumer loan contracts and livelihood contracts such as telephone, electricity and gas expired on July 1, 2020." ( https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/themen/coronavirus/corona-informationen-miete-verbraucherschutz-1734914)

-The following persons continue to be exempt from travel restrictions: Nationals from EU countries, countries associated with Schengen (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland), the UK, and their respective family members returning to their place of residence -In addition, as of 2 July 2020, there is a "positive list" of currently 11 countries that are exempt from travel restrictions -In addition, travel from other countries is possible for "important reasons" -"For the determination of the entry possibility, the previous place of residence of the travelers is decisive, not their nationality." As travel from countries outside of the EU and outside of the positive list is restricted, the level is kept at 3-Ban. (see https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/DE/2020/07/aufhebung-einreisebeschraenkung.html)

This is decided at the level of the federal states (Bundesländern). For primary and secondary schools: as of 29 June 2020 schools have face-to-face eduction or are in Summer recess. All federal states plan to resume face-to-face education with hygiene measures after summer recess (see below for details). However, for higher education, the distancing rules have led most universities to offer web-based education (see below for more details) during the Summer semester, which continues until 30 September. Therefore it seems best to use C1=1G unless there are additional restrictions. DETAILS ON PRIMARY/SECONDARY EDUCATION: Baden-Würtemberg: Schools returned to at least some level of face-to-face teaching as of 29 June 2020. "The standard form for teaching in the new school year will be classroom instruction at school." ( https://km-bw.de/,Lde/Startseite/Ablage+Einzelseiten+gemischte+Themen/FAQS+Schulschliessungen) Bayern: All schools returned to some level of face-to-face teaching by 25 June 2020. "The aim is to carry out regular operation at the Bavarian schools under certain hygiene requirements from autumn 2020." ( https://www.km.bayern.de/allgemein/meldung/6945/faq-zum-unterrichtsbetrieb-an-bayerns-schulen.html) Berlin: "Berlin schools will start regular operations in the 2020/2021 school year" (10 August) ( https://www.berlin.de/sen/bjf/coronavirus/aktuelles/schrittweise-schuloeffnung/) Brandenburg: "Schools will return to regular operation from August 10, 2020" ( https://mbjs.brandenburg.de/kinder-und-jugend/weitere-themen/corona-aktuell.htmlnremen ) Bremen: "Since June 22, 2020, face-to-face classes are to be expanded to four teaching hours, four days a week - taking into account the respective personnel situation and the further infection process" and regular face-to-face teaching is planned for the 2020/2021 school year. ( https://www.bildung.bremen.de/sixcms/detail.php?gsid=bremen117.c.237989.de) Hamburg: "Regular operation is to take place again in Hamburg in all school types and grades at the beginning of the 2020/21 school year." ( https://www.hamburg.de/bsb/13679646/corona-faqs) Hessen: "In the coming school year, regular operations at all schools in Hesse are to be resumed." ( https://kultusministerium.hessen.de/schulsystem/coronavirus-schulen/haeufig-gestellte-fragen) Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: face-to-face operation was reintroduced in a rotation mode on 14 May 2020 and "all pupils will have reliable, regular operation at school in the new school year under pandemic conditions." ( https://www.regierung-mv.de/Landesregierung/bm/Blickpunkte/Coronavirus/Coronavirus-%E2%80%93-Informationen-f%C3%BCr-schule/) Niedersachsen: as of 22 June 2020, also large school events were allowed again and for the 2020/2021 year: "we start the 'school as always', but with a few special regulations due to the corona virus." ( https://www.mk.niedersachsen.de/startseite/aktuelles/presseinformationen/nach-den-sommerferien-schuljahr-2020-2021-soll-weitestgehend-normal-starten-kultusminister-tonne-plant-eingeschrankten-regelbetrieb-190433.html) NRW: face-to-face operation was possible since 11 May 2020 and for 2020/2021: "the schools in North Rhine-Westphalia should return to responsible regular operations after the summer holidays in the interests of the students, provided that the further development of the infection process allows this." ( https://www.schulministerium.nrw.de/docs/Recht/Schulgesundheitsrecht/Infektionsschutz/300-Coronavirus/index.html) Rheinland-Pfalz: schools reopened for face-to-face operation on 7 June 2020 and for 2020/2021: "we are striving for regular operation for our schools at the start of the 2020/2021 school year." ( https://bm.rlp.de/de/service/pressemitteilungen/detail/news/News/detail/hubig-regelbetrieb-an-rheinland-pfaelzischen-schulen-startet-nach-den-sommerferien-weitere-oeffnung/) Saarland: face-to-face classes resumed for all pupils around 17 June 2020 and for 2020/2021 "After the summer holidays, all pupils return to school for face-to-face classes." ( https://corona.saarland.de/DE/schulenundkitas/faq-schule/faq-schule_node.html) Sachsen: schools reopened for face-to-face lessons in a limited form from 18 May 2020 and “with the beginning of the school year 2020/2021, regular operation will again take place five days a week in all school types and grades. The students are taught in their classes and courses as usual according to the applicable hourly tables and curricula. " ( https://www.bildung.sachsen.de/blog/index.php/2020/07/13/schule-soll-nach-den-ferien-im-normalbetrieb-starten/) Sachsen-Anhalt: all pupils got face-to-face education before the Summer recess and for 2020/2021: "For the coming school year, all schools are preparing to return to normal operations. The possibility of health authorities closing local schools continues." ( https://mb.sachsen-anhalt.de/service/schulsituation-zum-schuljahresende-beginn-des-neuen-schuljahres/) Schleswig-Holstein: "From June 1, all school classes are to receive face-to-face classes again, at least temporarily" ( https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/schleswig-holstein/Praesenzunterricht-fuer-alle-ab-1-Juni,unterricht158.html) and for 2020/2021: from August, classes for all types of school and all classes should take place again under the regular conditions Thüringen: On 15 June 2020 primary schools had daily face-to-face education, secondary schools limited face-to-face education ( https://bildung.thueringen.de/ministerium/medienservice/detailseite/kinder-koennen-ab-15-juni-wieder-taeglich-in-grundschule-und-kindergarten/) and for 2020/2021: "The currently low number of infections makes it possible to return to regular childcare and schools after the summer holidays from August 31, 2020." ( https://bildung.thueringen.de/ministerium/medienservice/detailseite/stufenkonzept-kindertagesbetreuung-und-schule-unter-pandemiebedingungen-vorgestellt/) DETAILS ON HIGHER EDUCATION: "In university teaching, in addition to taking exams, practical events that require special laboratories or work rooms at the universities can be resumed under special hygiene and protective measures. Libraries and archives can be subject to hygiene, control of access and avoidance requirements be opened by queues. ... According to this, the courses at German universities in the summer semester 2020 will primarily take place in digital, web-based form until further notice. The lecture period can be extended into August; the summer semester ends - as usual - on September 30th. " ( https://www.hrk.de/themen/hochschulsystem/covid-19-pandemie-und-die-hochschulen/)

"The strict requirements for containing the corona virus in the Gütersloh district have been lifted. The Münster Higher Administrative Court overturned the restrictions imposed by the North Rhine-Westphalian state government." (see https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/coronavirus-guetersloh-lockdown-ausgesetzt-100.html) However a very specific and limited number of sectors, especially nightclubs, still need to stay closed in most federal states. In agreement with the Data Team, C2 was therefore kept at 2T. For example, in Berlin, clubs are still closed as of 7 August 2020. Therefore, the minimum level of C2 will stay at 2T until this sector reopens as well. ( https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/mensch-metropole/mannschaftssport-und-sauna-sind-wieder-erlaubt-clubs-und-bordelle-bleiben-zu-li.94320)

"The strict requirements for containing the corona virus in the Gütersloh district have been lifted. The Münster Higher Administrative Court overturned the restrictions imposed by the North Rhine-Westphalian state government." (see https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/coronavirus-guetersloh-lockdown-ausgesetzt-100.html) In the strictest states (e.g. Bayern) up to 10 people can meet, in some states 20-25 people can meet, in some states restrictions on gatherings have been lifted. Therefore 3-T seems most appropriate. (see https://www.focus.de/finanzen/recht/corona-regeln-fuer-alle-bundeslaender-was-in-ihrem-bundesland-erlaubt-ist-und-was-nicht_id_11793149.html)

The CORONA WARN-APP has been downloaded 15,4 Mio times ( https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/WarnApp/Warn_App.html_09)

As of today, the last federal state (Niedersachsen) lifted restrictions on travellers who wish to enter the state from the risk area of Gütersloh. "Despite the judicial lifting of the stricter corona restrictions and the falling number of infections in the district of Gütersloh, travelers from there to Lower Saxony need a negative corona test up to and including this weekend, according to a media report." ( https://www.aachener-zeitung.de/nrw-region/noch-bis-montag-corona-test-bei-niedersachsen-reise-fuer-guetersloher_aid-52067157) However, the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern still has the restriction that day-tourists from other federal states cannot enter the state (but there is a list of exceptions) so that 2T is kept. ( https://www.regierung-mv.de/service/Corona-FAQs/)

This is defined at the level of the federal states (Bundesländer) and the regulations differ. However, all states have some clear limits on the size of the events so that it seems best to keep the level at 2-Required. For example: -Thüringen: 200 people -Sachsen-Anhalt: 250 people indoors, 1000 people outdoors -Niedersachsen: 500 people -Hamburg: 650 indoors, 1000 people outdoors (see https://www.focus.de/finanzen/recht/corona-regeln-fuer-alle-bundeslaender-was-ab-heute-in-ihrem-bundesland-erlaubt-ist-und-was-nicht_id_11793149.html)

The amount of people who can meet is defined at the level of the federal states (Bundesländer) and varies widely at this point in time. Some federal states have lifted contact restrictions (e.g. Berlin). However, stricter federal states still restrict gatherings to 10 people (e.g. Sachsen, Saarland,...) Strict example of the federal state "Saarland": "Two households can meet. Meetings with up to ten people are also allowed - both inside and outside. Up to 100 people can meet at family celebrations in a restaurant or a rented room. From July 18, company and club celebrations and children's camps with up to 50 people should be possible." No regulation in e.g. the federal state of Berlin: "There are no more contact restrictions. Distance and hygiene rules still apply." (see https://www.focus.de/finanzen/recht/corona-regeln-fuer-alle-bundeslaender-was-ab-heute-in-ihrem-bundesland-erlaubt-ist-und-was-nicht_id_11793149.html)

A press article explains that the uptake of the Corona-Warn-App is not high enough yet to have an effect "Despite this first triumph, the distribution of the app is still far from where it should be in order to show tangible success in fighting pandemics. Why is that? Firstly, the RKI does not know how many of the 16 million devices that have downloaded the app are still installed or even actively in use. Secondly, even according to more conservative estimates by epidemiology experts, at least 42 million people in Germany must use the app continuously to be effective. We are currently a long way from that." ( https://www.heise.de/news/Ein-Monat-Corona-Warn-App-Bisher-bleibt-der-Effekt-aus-4846827.html)

No substantial changes but the regulations differ strongly between the federal states. Note that the first number refers to private gatherings where the safety distance cannot be maintained; most states allow larger events with a safety concept up to certain maximal sizes. Baden-Württemberg: up to 20 publicly (events with up to 250 people) Bayern: up to 10 publicly (events with up to 200 people indoors, 400 people outdoors) Berlin: no contact restrictions (events with up to 300 people indoors, 1000 people outdoors) Brandenburg: no contact restrictions (events with up to 1000 people) Bremen: up to 10 people can meet (events with up to 250 people indoors, 400 outdoors) Hamburg: up to 25 people can meet privately / 10 publicly (events up to 650 people indoors, 1000 people outdoors) Hessen: up to 10 people can meet, events allowed under safety conditions Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: no contact restrictions (events with 200 people indoors, 500 outdoors) Niedersachsen: up to 10 people can meet (cultural events up to 500 people) Nordrhein-Westfalen: up to 10 people can meet outdoors (events up to 150 participants) Rheinland-Pfalz: up to 10 people can meet (events up to 75 people indoors and 350 outdoors under restrictions) Saarland: up to 10 people can meet (events with up to 250 indoors and 500 people outdoors) Sachsen: up to 10 people can meet (events with up to 1000 people are allowed under certain conditions) Sachsen-Anhalt: no contact restrictions, only recommendations Schleswig-Holstein: up to 50 people indoors (events with up to 100 people indoors, 250 people outdoors) Thüringen: no contact restrictions, only recommendations (events with up to 200 people outdoors) ( https://www.focus.de/finanzen/recht/corona-regeln-fuer-alle-bundeslaender-was-ab-heute-in-ihrem-bundesland-erlaubt-ist-und-was-nicht_id_11793149.html)

Tests will be offered at airports for returning travelers: "For those arriving from risk areas, the tests should be offered directly at the airport. The offer should be free and voluntary, so tests should only be carried out at your own request. In addition, it was decided to legally examine an obligation to test for entries from risk areas" ( https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/themen/coronavirus/reiserueckkehrer-1771362)

Technical problems with the Corona-Warn-App meant that the app was not working effectively on certain phones. This has been fixed with an update. "Version 1.1.1, which has now been released, ensures that the Corona warning app solves a problem with the automatic background update on certain Android devices." ( https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/themen/coronavirus/update-cwa-1771276)

This is defined at the level of the federal states (Bundesländer). There are no significant changes. A good overview with details is https://www.morgenpost.de/vermischtes/article228706533/Corona-Regeln-Lockerungen-Bundesland-Bayern-NRW-Berlin-und-co.html

Certain federal states restrict the entry of people from regions (Kreise oder kreisfreie Städte) that have a 7-day incidence (infections per 100,000 inhabitants over the last 7 days) exceeding 50. The region (Kreis) "Dingolfing-Landau" in the federal state of Bayern exceeds this limit and, in response, as of 28 July 2020, some federal states have activated restrictions: "After Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania and Brandenburg, Rhineland-Palatinate has now announced travel restrictions for vacationers from the Lower Bavarian district of Dingolfing-Landau. The regulation in Rhineland-Palatinate stipulates, among other things, that travelers must stay in suitable accommodation. Schleswig-Holstein also requires vacationers from the Dingolfing-Landau area to have a 14-day quarantine or a current negative corona test. A corresponding test result must also be submitted in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania." ( https://www.br.de/nachrichten/meldung/weitere-bundeslaender-schraenken-urlauber-aus-bayerischem-landkreis-ein,3002f4a1b) As travellers from the affected region can e.g. only enter Schleswig-Holstein on condition of a 14-day quarantine or a negative test not older than 48hrs, this is considered C7=2T. The "targeted" applies both to source and destination making for a complex matrix of regulations.

As of 31 July 2020 and at least until 7 August 2020, there are more restrictive rules in the town of Heide in the federal state Schleswig-Holstein "1. Spending time in public space is only permitted if accompanied by people living in the same household and one other person. Contacts with people other than those mentioned in sentence 1 are to be reduced to an absolutely necessary minimum and wherever possible, a minimum distance of at least 1.5 meters must be maintained. 2. Public and private events as well as public gatherings and gatherings of any kind with more than the persons mentioned in number 1 are prohibited." ( https://www.dithmarschen.de/PDF/2020_73_Bekanntmachung_Allgemeinverf%C3%BCgung_Corona_Stadt_Heide.PDF?ObjSvrID=2046&ObjID=3263&ObjLa=1&Ext=PDF&WTR=1&_ts=1596125803)

The federal state of Mecklenbug-Vorpommern started the new school year on 1 August 2020 as first federal state "In the new school year, schools in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania will have reliable, daily and regular tuition for all pupils under pandemic conditions. The concept for opening schools in the new school year includes a new hygiene concept for health protection." ( https://www.regierung-mv.de/service/Corona-FAQs/) C1=1G is continued due to the continued impact of distancing regulations on higher education, mostly taking place in digital from ( https://www.hrk.de/themen/hochschulsystem/covid-19-pandemie-und-die-hochschulen/)

One primary and one secondary school in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern was closed due to a Corona-infection of one teacher / one student. The measure is expected to stay in place until 21 / 12 August 2020. ( https://www.n-tv.de/panorama/Zwei-Schulen-in-Mecklenburg-Vorpommern-schliessen-article21958410.html) Although entire schools are closed, as this is only in response to an infection case, it seems best to choose 2T and not go to 3T as it is not the case that all schools in a region are closed.

The strict measures in the city of Heide ended on 7 August 2020. The new measures ( https://www.dithmarschen.de/PDF/2020_77_Bekanntmachung_Allgemeinverf%C3%BCgung_Corona_Stadt_Heide.PDF?ObjSvrID=2046&ObjID=3267&ObjLa=1&Ext=PDF&WTR=1&_ts=1596787727) do not include strict contact restrictions. Some federal states still have restrictions for groups over 10 people in size. E.g. the state of Bayern ( https://www.corona-katastrophenschutz.bayern.de/faq/index.php) Therefore C4 is returned to 3T.

The overall situation is unchanged and can be described as follows: PRIMARY/SECONDARY SCHOOLS: as Summer recess ends, all federal states are reopening schools for face-to-face education with differing hygiene rules BUT: in case of an infection, specific schools are often closed (see previous entries, for a recent case of a school closure in Berlin, see: https://www.rbb24.de/panorama/thema/2020/coronavirus/beitraege_neu/2020/08/berlin-sieben-schulen-melden-corona-infektionen-schulschliessung.html) Based on this, and as long as specific schools must close, 2T is kept HIGHER EDUCATION: due to the continued impact of distancing regulations on higher education, mostly taking place in digital from

the 7-day incidence in the region "Dingolfing-Landau" still exceed the limit of 50 new infections / week / 100,000 inhabitants so that certain federal states do not allow entry from that area "The infection rate in Dingolfing-Landau is currently high. Several federal states only allow holidaymakers from the Bavarian district to enter under certain conditions: Schleswig-Holstein, for example, has declared the district a risk area. Anyone entering the state from there must be in quarantine for 14 days. This does not apply to people with a negative corona test that is not older than 48 hours." ( https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/coronavirus-die-aktuellen-reiseregelungen-in-deutschland.1939.de.html?drn%3Anews_id=1161238)

The schools closed on 7 August 2020 reopened as of 17 August 2020. However, other schools now closed in another federal state. "A few days after the start of the school year in North Rhine-Westphalia, lessons at some schools are already irregular: some classes have to be quarantined due to Corona, some schools have to partially close, others even completely." ( https://rp-online.de/nrw/panorama/corona-in-nrw-zwei-schulen-geschlossen-zehn-teilweise-betroffen_aid-52787833) As federal states sometimes decide for full school closings in case of a local outbreak and as this is still the case for several schools in Germany, it seems best to keep the policy at "2T" as long as: -the policy is to close entire schools in certain cases -there are such actual cases in Germany

the 7-day incidence in the region "Dingolfing-Landau" has now dropped below the limit of 50 new infections / week / 100,000 inhabitants so that travel restrictions imposed by other federal states since 28 July 2020 are lifted: "After the Corona outbreak in Mamming, the limit in the Dingolfing-Landau district is below 50 new infections per 100,000 inhabitants for the first time. Travel should become easier again for district citizens - so far, accommodation bans have applied in many places." ( https://www.br.de/nachrichten/bayern/dingolfing-landau-zahl-der-neuinfektionen-sinkt-unter-grenzwert,S81CjAY) However, the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern still has the restriction that day-tourists from other federal states cannot enter the state (but there is a list of exceptions) so that 2T is kept. ( https://www.regierung-mv.de/service/Corona-FAQs/)

Some federal states still did not reduce their restrictions for groups over 10 people in size. E.g. the state of Bayern ( https://www.corona-katastrophenschutz.bayern.de/faq/index.php)

Due to a local increase in infections the region "Main-Kinzig-Kreis" and the city of "Hanau" decided on stricter measures warranting 4T "Group meetings in public and in restaurants are limited to 5 people or two households" ( https://www.mkk.de/aktuelles/pressemitteilungen_1/pressemitteilung_1362369.html)

PRIMARY/SECONDARY SCHOOLS: As of 26 August 2020 primary/secondary Summer recess has ended as scheduled in 9 from 16 federal states and, in all of those, face-to-face eduction has restarted with hygiene measures decided by the federal state. North Rhine-Westphalia is the only federal state that has issued a mask requirement in the classrooms of at least secondary schools. So far, 528 cases of corona-infections were detected in schools. ( https://www.news4teachers.de/2020/08/seit-schuljahresbeginn-mehr-als-500-schulen-und-kitas-in-deutschland-von-corona-infektionen-betroffen/) As federal states sometimes decide for full school closings in case of a local outbreak and as this is still the case for several schools in Germany, it seems best to keep the policy at "2T" as long as: -the policy is to close entire schools in certain cases -there are such actual cases in Germany "2T" is kept as some schools are still closed entirely (e.g. https://www.wbg-bochum.de/)